What term describes "Administration of government chiefly through bureaus or departments staffed with non-elected officials"?

The term that describes the "Administration of government chiefly through bureaus or departments staffed with non-elected officials" is bureaucracy. This concept refers to a system of government or management in which decisions are made by state officials or administrators who are not elected. Bureaucracies are characterized by hierarchical structures, strict rules and procedures, and a focus on the efficient implementation of laws and policies.

In a bureaucracy, officials typically have designated responsibilities and work within established protocols to carry out their duties effectively. This structure is essential for managing complex organizations, ensuring consistency in decision-making, and maintaining order. The presence of non-elected officials, who may have specialized training and expertise, helps to facilitate the effective governance of public services and programs.

The other choices represent different forms of governance or political philosophy, which do not specifically align with the idea of administration by appointed officials within a bureaucratic structure.