Which amendment abolished slavery in the United States?

The 13th Amendment to the United States Constitution is the correct answer as it specifically abolished slavery and involuntary servitude, except as punishment for a crime. Ratified in December 1865, this amendment marked a significant turning point in American history, making it illegal for individuals to own or hold slaves, thereby ensuring that all individuals are granted freedom and equal protection under the law.

In contrast, the 14th Amendment, ratified later in 1868, primarily focuses on citizenship rights and equal protection for all persons, while the 15th Amendment, passed in 1870, addresses voting rights, prohibiting denial based on race, color, or previous condition of servitude. The 16th Amendment, ratified in 1913, pertains to the federal income tax. Each of these amendments plays a crucial role in shaping civil rights and liberties, but it was the 13th Amendment that directly ended the institution of slavery in the United States.